Lathe



Jul 16, 1935.

w. H. FOSTER LATHE Filed April 19, 1929 9 Sheets-Sheet l m 16, 1935. l r v w. H. os'rER v ,008,0 LATHE F'i 1ed April 19, 1929 '9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jar/6m? mm H Ester July 16,1935. I w. H. FOSTER 2,

LATHE Filed April 19,1929 9 S hets-Sheeft.

lnveffif r. [Uilliam EJ551567".

July 16, 1935.

w. H. FOSTER LATHE Filed April 19, 1929 9 sheets-sheet 5 lnveriZiir July 16,1935. W.\'H. FOSTER- r LATHE Filed April 19, 1929 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 o Tm? v n e william H'Fb sfer July 16, 1935. w. H. FOSTER LATHE Filed April 19, 1929 9 Sheets-Shet 7 y 5- w. H. FOSTER 2,008,011

LATHE 0 Filed April 19, 1929 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 Int/616K631- ZUiZZiamH Ester v W. H. FOSTER July 16,1935.

LATHE Filed A r l 19, 1929 9 Sheets-Sheer. 9

William H Es ter mag -+uN14TED STATE atented July 16, 1935 s PATENT OFFICE g urns I *wuuin' n. Foster, Elkha'rt, Ind. Application April 19, 1029. Serial No. 350,434

- 41 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements I in lathes. I

ture of lathe involving a tool carrying slide movable longitudinally ofthe lathe toward and away from, the work holding, chuck. Thejpresent in- ;vention also contemplates cross slides which may i be connected to the longitudinally movable slide,

whereby cross. cuts may be taken simultaneously with the operations of the longitudinally slidable tool holding member. v a

An object of the present invention is to-pro- 'vide a construction of lathe whereby a plurality of cutting operations may be performed either simultaneously'or in timed relationship with-one another,-which cutting operations may be accurately and expeditiously performed.

A further object is to provide a' lathe of the fluid pressure operated type in whichvthe speeds during various stages of operations may be accurately controlled.

trolled that the danger of scoring the work when the cross cutting tool is withdrawn is obviated. Further objects will appear as the description proceeds.

Referring to the drawings- Figure l is a view in front elevation of one em-' bodiment of the present invention:

Figure 2 is a' rear elevation of the embodiment shownin Figure 1;,

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along the planes indicated by the arrows 'l4 of Figures 1and6;.

Figure 5 is 'a sectional view taken along the planes indicated by. the arrows Hot Figures Figure 6 is a sectional view taken along the v plane indicated by the arrows 6-8 01' Figure 3;

Figure 'lfis an end view of the planes indicated by the arrows 8-8 Figure 81s a sectional view taken along the of Figures 1 and ,7;

Figure 9 is a sectionalview taken along the planes indicated by the arrows 9-9 0! Figures 3, 7 and 8;

Figure 10 is a diagrammatic view illustrating portions of the structure shown in the preceding figures, Figure 10 relating particularly to the fluid pressure circuits;

illustrating the relation of the fluid pressure circuits .to the structures shown in Figures 1 to 9, inclusive; and

Figure 12 is a diagrammatic view of a system whereby the fluid pressure connections shown in Figure 10 or those shown in Figure 11 maybe utilized at the option of the operative. .Before proceeding with the detailed description -01 the instrumentalities illustrated in the figures 10 Figure ii is an alternative diagrammatic view I of the drawings, a short prefatory statement will be made of the functions of'the apparatusillustrated in said drawings.

The present invention contemplates .a lathe having a headstock, which headstock is provided with a rotary chuck or other work holding member. Movable toward and away from said chuck A further object is to provide a fluid pressure is a platen, which platen is provided with a fluid pressure responsive means, as for example a hydraulic cylinder (preferably an oil cylinder), for moving said platen. Slidably carried by said platen for movement toward and away from the chuck is a tool carrying slide. Cross slides are provided on said platen, which ,cross slides through cam or other connections are adapted to be moved transversely of the lathe in response to movements of said longitudinally movable slide. Each oisaid cross-slides may carry one or more tools, which tools may straddle the work carried by the chuck. Roughing cuts may be made by the tools carried by one of said cross slides, and finishing cuts maybe made by the tools carried by the other-of said cross slides. The present invention contemplates a lathe in which the speed at various regions within the range of travel of the longitudinally movable platen or the slide. or slides carried by said platen may be predetermined and accurately controlled, whereby, for example, a rapid traverse movement may be had to move the tools into proximity to the work to be operated upon, a relatively slow feeding movement during part of the operating or feeding stroke, a feeding movement at .a difi'erent speed during another part of the operating stroke, a rapid traverse movement in between feeding movements if such rapid traverse movement be desired, and selectable speeds of withdrawal of the cutting tool carried by the longitudinally movable slide. The longitudinal movement of the tool carrying slide may or may not, at the option of the operative, be accomplished by movement of one or both of the cross slides above mentioned.

'The operative may inaugurate a cycle of movement. of the longitudinally movable tool carrying slideiand corresponding movements of the cross slide or slides if desired) by the operation of a simple instrumentality, as for example a handle. After momentarily tripping such instrumentality, the lathe will operate to advance the tool holding member or members to do their work according to a predetermined cycle and the withdrawal of said tool holding member or members to initial position, thereby completing the cycle, after which the tool holding member or members will come to rest. The present invention contemplates a structure by means of which the operative may assume manuaLcontrol at any point in the cycle.

As mentioned above, one or both of the cross slides may carry a plurality .of cutting tools which may straddle the work to be operated upon, as for example in the simultaneous machining of a plurality of faces spaced longitudinally of the chuck. For such work, when the cutting operation has been completed, the cross slide or slides should be withdrawn before said slides are moved longitudinally of the lathe away from the chuck. In other instances, a facing cut is performed upon the work carried by the chuck only upon that side of said work facing the tail of the machine. In such cases, due to the resiliency of the cutting tool, the work to be operated upon and the supporting means for the cutting tool, there is danger of scoring the fln-f ished face of the work in the event that the cross slide is withdrawn before longitudinal movement of said cross slide is had toward the tail of the machine. The present invention contemplates a structure by means of which, at the option of the operative, the transversely operating tools,

' that is-the facing tools, may be moved a short tered in accurately proportioning the pressure applied to said cylinders. For this reason it is preferred in the practice of the present invention to have the plurality of operating cylinders oper ate in succession rather than simultaneously. Therefore, when the machine is to be operated to withdraw the facing tool from the finished face of the work in the chuck prior to longitudinal movement of the cutting tool away from said work, it is preferred to accomplish this result in either of two manners, as follows: (a) to move the longitudinally movable tool holding slide with the cross slide or cross slides to their fully withdrawn positions, after which the, platen carrying said slides is withdrawn to its fully withdrawn position; or (b) to move the platen a short distance in a withdrawing movement, after which the slides carried by said platen are withdrawn to fully withdrawn position, after which the platen is again moved to its fully withdraw position.

Referring now to a description of the instrumentalities, illustrated in the drawings, the numeral 26 indicates a bed, supported by the side walls 2l- 2l, which side walls are supported by the legs 22-22. The bed 20 is provided (Fizures 5 and 6) with the ways 23-23, which slidably support the longitudinally movable platen 24. Secured to the platen is the base 25. which base provides a support for the longitudinally movable slide 26. Also secured to the platen 24 are the bases 21-21, each of which bases comprises the block 26 (Fig. 6) and the guide member 29, said guide members and blocks are held in rigid relationship with the platen 24 by means of the bolts 30-30. Said guide members 29-29 are dove-tailed, as shown in Figure *1, for slidably supporting the cross slides 3l-3l. Movement of the longitudinally movable slide 26 is communicated to the cross slides 3l-3l through structure which will now be described. Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 5, it will be noted I that the longitudinally movable slide 26 is provided with a pair of brackets 32-32, which brackets provide supporting means for the rods 33-33 extending longitudinally of the lathe. Said rods 33-33 are screw-threaded and are provided with the adjusting nuts 34-34, whereby the positions of the rods 33-33 relative to said brackets 32-32 may be adjusted. Said rods 33-33, at their forward extremities,

are provided with the blocks 35, which blocks Said cam are secured to cam plates 36-36. plates 36 are adapted to slide through apertures 31-31 in the guide members 28-29 (Fig. 6). Said cam plates 36-36 are provided with cam grooves 38-38 for the reception of rollers 40-40. Said rollers 40-40 are disposed at the lower extremities of pins 4l-4l, which pins are screwthreaded into the cross slides 3I-3I. It will be clear that longitudinal movement of the longitudinally movable slide 26 will, through the medium of brackets 32-32, rods 33-33, cam plates 36-36, rollers 40-40 and pins 4l-4l, communicate transverse movement to the cross slides 3|. Said cross slides 3l,-3l are provided with tool holding members 42-42 (Fig. 6).

As mentioned above, the platen 24 is provided with an operating cylinder therefor. Said operating cylinder is shown in Figure 2 and bears the numeral 43. Said cylinder 43 is secured to the bed 20 by means of a bracket 44 and is provided with the piston 45 and the piston rod 46. The outer extremity of the piston rod 46 is screw-threaded and is adjustably secured, by

means of the adjusting nuts 41-41, to a bracket 48 secured to the platen 24. As also mentioned above, the longitudinally movable slide 26 is adapted to be moved by a fluid pressure cylinder. Said fluid pressure cylinder is carried by the platen 24. Such a cylinder is illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 and is indicated by the numeral 49. The piston rod extending from said cylinder 49 is indicated by the numeral 50 and is adapted to communicate movement through" the adjusting nuts 5l-5I to the bracket 52 secured to the'lon'gitudinally movable slide 26. According to the structure illustrated (Figs. 1 and 2), the slide 26 may be provided with the tool carrying member 53. Said ,member 53, ac-

cording to the illustrated embodiment of the of a'setscrew l3.

Referringn ow to Figures 1 and 3, the headstock of the lathe is indicated by the numeral 55, which headstock is adapted to communicate a turning movement to the chuck 56. An electric motor 51 is illustrated, mounted upon the headstock 55. Said electric motor is adapted, through power transmitting mechanism (not shown) located within the casing 51a, to drive the power transmitting mechanism within the headstock 55.

The ratio of transmission of said power transmitting mechanism may be governed according to usual practice.

Fluid pressure (preferably oil pressure) may be communicated to the operating cylinder 43 for communicating movement to the platen 24 and the operating cylinder 49 for communicating movement to the slide 26. By means of the fluid pressure pump 58 (Figs. 1, 2 and 7) which pump is cooperatively associated with the fluid reservoir 59, fluid pressure is communicated to said operating cylinders 43 and 49 through pipe connections and control mechanisms which will be referredto hereinafter. Power is communicated to the fluid pressure pump 58 from the electric motor 51 through the power transmitting mechanism within the casing 51w, which power transmitting mechanism.communicates power to the sprocket chain or belt 68 (Figs. 2, 3 and 7). Said sprocket chain or belt drives a sprocket 6| (Figs. 2 and 3), rotatably carried by the oil reservoir 59. Said sprocket 6| is fast to the shaft 62 (Figs. 2 and 7), which shaft is provided with the sprocket 63 (Figs. 2, 3 and '7). Said sprocket 63 drives the sprocket chain 64, which in turn drives the sprocket 65 connected to the pump 58. Said pump 58 is provided with the control valve 66, which control valve, as will be explained presently, controls the output of the pump 58 according to predetermined settings. Said pump 58 is also provided with the feed control lever 51, which, as will be explained presently, controls the feed of the cutting tool or tools during the feed portions of the stroke of said cutting tool or tools. Said controlvalve 66 is provided with the governing cylinder 68, which governing cylinder will operate in response to predetermined settings of instrumentalities to be described presently.

The base 25 is located relative to the platen 24 preferably by means of the key 69 (Fig. 5).

Said key 69 is seated within cooperating slots 19 and 'H in the upper surface of the platen.29 and the lower surface of the base 25, respectively.

Said key 69 is secured rigidly to the base 25 by.

.reason of the expedient of keying the. base 25 to theplaten' 24,- the number of precise lining up operations in assembly is reduced; The present invention contemplates a simple mechanism for limiting the stroke of the longitudinally movable slide 26. By reference to Figure 3 it will be noted that the rear head of the cylinder 49 is axially ap'erturedf'or the reception Said setscrew 1,3 is adapted to engage the piston 14 'within said cylinder 49. By adjusting said setscrew 13, the limit of withdrawing movement of the piston 14 and the slide 26 may be adjusted as desired. A plug I5 may be mounted upon the pump 58.

trol lever 61 of the pump 58.

threaded into the head of cylinder 49 to prevent leakage of fluid from within said cylinder 49.:

The means for manually controlling the valve 6 6, which in turn controls the effect of the fluid pressure pump 58, will now be described. By reference to Figure 7 it will bemoted that the valve 66 has extending therefrom the piston rod 16, which piston rod is, through the medium of the link 11, connected to the lever 18. Said lever 18 is keyed to the shaft 19 (Figs. 1 and 7). From an inspection of Figure 1 it will be noted that said shaft I9 extends parallel with the bed of the lathe and is provided with the handle conveniently located adjacent to-the region of the chuck 56. Said shaft 19 is swingingly car'- ried by a plurality of brackets, indicated by the numerals 8|, 82 and 83 (Fig. 1).' As will be explained hereinafter, except during certain momentary periods no pressure of fluid is exerted upon the piston within the cylinder 68, and the operative, except during said momentary periods, may swing the handle 89 to control the position of the plunger within the valve 66.

The present invention contemplates means responsive to movement of the longitudinally movable slide 26 for automatically controlling said lever 18 to control the operation of valve 66. Swingingly carried by the shaft 19 is the arm 84, which arm is urged in a counter-clockwise between the bracket 88 and the adjusting nut 81 to exert a pull upon said extensible strut to bias said arm 84 in a counter-clockwise direction as the parts are viewed in Figure 7. Said arm 84 is' provided with a longitudinal slot 90, which slot may have overhanging walls 9l-9l, whereby one extremity of the extensible strut 92 may be swingingly clamped to said arm 84 at selected positions radially of said arm 84with' reference to the axis 'of swing of said arm 84, that is to saywith reference to the axis of the shaft 19. The other extremity of said extensible strut 92 is pivotally connected to the feed con- Carried by the platen 24 is the bracket 93 (Fig. 1) which bracket is apertured to slide upon the rod 94. Said rod 94 is provided with two spaced collars 95 and 96, which may be adjustably secured to said rod 94. The left-hand extremity of said rod 94 is provided with a sleeve 91 adapted to be adjustably secured to said rod 94 by means of the setscrew 98 (Figs. 1 and 8). Said sleeve 91 has a bearing within the bracket 8|. It will'be clear that the bracket 93 has a lost motion connection with the rod 94 through the medium of the spaced apart collars 95 and 96. The parts may be so positioned that reciprocations of the platen 24 will result in reciprocations oflesser magnitude of the rod 94 and the sleeve 91. By reference vto Figure 9 it will be noted that the arm .84 is provided with a pairof shoulders 99 and I00 spaced apart. Disposed within said shoulders is, the tumblerlfll. spring I92 is provided for biasing said tumbler MI in a counter-clockwise direction as the parts are viewed in Figure 8. Said tumbler I62 is adapted to seat itself against the arm 84 under the influence of A spring 89 reacts said spring I02. Said tumbler IOI is provided with the rounded nose portion I03 adapted to be engaged by the beveled end portion I04 of the sleeve 91, which sleeve 91 is adjustably secured to the rod 94. Inasmuch as the tumbler IN is spaced from the axis of swing of the arm 84, that is -spaced from the axis of the shaft I9, longitudinal movement of the sleeve 91 in a lefthand direction as the parts are viewed in Figure 8 will exerta swinging action upon said arm 18, moving same in a clockwise direction as the parts are viewed in Figure '1. Inasmuch as said arm 84 is connected through the extensible strut 92 to the control lever 61 of the pump 58, longitudinal movement of the platen 24 will, through the medium of collar 95, rod 94, beveled extremity I04 of the sleeve 91 and tumbler IOI, communicate controlling movement to the control lever 61. It will be noticed that this control movement is in opposition to the biasing effect of the spring 89, which, through the medium of the bracket 88 and extensible strut 85, tends to urge the arm 84 in a counter-clockwise direction from that shown in Figure 7. As the sleeve 91 is carried along by movement of the platen 24, the arm 84 should preferably be held in position to govern the control lever 61. The present invention contemplates a construction, however, in which the control of the lever 61 is transferred from the platen 24 andsl eeve 91 at the instant when the cylinder 49 becomes operative to move 'the longitudinally movable slide 26. By reference to Figure 8 it will be noted that the sleeve 91 is provided with the notch I05, which notch is defined by the square shoulder I06. Said square shoulder I06 of the sleeve 91 is adapted to cooperate with the square shoulder I01 of the tumbler IOI. When the sleeve 91 has moved to a predetermined position in a left-hand direction as the parts are viewed in Figure 8, the square shoulder I01 of the tumbler IOI will clear the square shoulder I06 defining the notch I05, permitting the tumbler IOI to snap into the notch I05 and thereby permitting the spring 89 reacting upon the arm 84 to cause the movement of the speed control lever 61 to its extreme counterclockwise direction as the parts are viewed in Figure 7.

By reference to Figures 1, 4, 5 and 6 it will be noted that the shaft 19 has secured thereto the arm I08, which arm is adapted to oscillate between bifurcations of the bracket 83. The upper extremity of the arm I08 (Figs. 1 and 6) engages within a slot I09 in a sliding member I I slidably carried by the bracket 83. Said sliding member H0 is provided with an upstanding roller III (Figs. 1, 4 and 6) adapted to be engaged by a pair of adjustable cam members H2 and H3 carried on the under side of the slidingv platen 24. It will be clear that said adjustable cam members H2 and H3 will, at the extremities of the travel of the platen 24, control the piston rod 16 of valve 66 through the medium of the roller I I I, sliding member IIO, arm I08, lever 18 and link 11 (Figs. 4, and 6).

The fluid pressure circuits for communicating fluid pressure from the pump 58 to cylinders 43 and 49 of the platen 24 and slide 26 will now be described. As indicated above, Figures and 11 (which are diagrammatic views showing circuit layouts) show alternative systems, Figure 10 representing a system of fluid pressure connections in which the means for operating the tool carrying slide 26 and cross slides 3| complete their retreating movements prior to the inauguration of the retreating movement of the platen 24, and Figure 11 representing a system in which the platen 24 is given a short retreating movement followed by complete retreat ing movements of the slide 24-and cross slides 3I3I, after which the platen is withdrawn to its fully retreated position. It is entirely feasible to interconnect the system shown in Figure 10 with the system shown in Figure 11, whereby an operative may, by the operation of certain valves, control the relative actions of the platen 24 and slides 26 and 3I-3I according to either the system disclosed in Figure 11 or the system disclosed in Figure 10, or according to any other predetermined system. Such an interlock between the systems disclosed in Figures 10 and 11 is disclosed in Figure 12.

Referring to Figures 7 and 10, it will be noted that the valve 66 has communicating therewith the three pipe connections H4, H5 and H6. Also communicating with the pump 58 is the pipe connection II1, Said pipe connection II4 connects through the pipe connection II8 with the right-hand end of the cylinder 68. For controlling said pipe connections II4, H5, H6, H1 and H8, a plurality of valves are provided, indicated by the numerals II9, I20, I2I, I22 and I 23. The valve II9 may be termed a relay and controls operation of the valve I20, which in turn controls access of fluid pressure to the to a mid region of the valve or relay II9. An

other branch I25 of said pipe connection II6 leads to the rear side of the platen operating cylinder 43. A branch I26 leads from said branch I25 to the upper side of the valve I23. Said valve I23 will be termed a resistance valve and the function of said valve will be explained presently.

Pipe connection I I5 is provided with the branch I21, which leads to the valve I2I, which valve I2I is also a resistance valve. Said pipe connection H5 is provided with another branch I28 leading to the valve I22, which is also a resist.- ance valve. Said pipe connection II5 connects with the flexible pipe connection I29, which communicates with the forward side of the slide operating cylinder 49. It will be noted that the lower portion of the resistance valve I 23 communicates with the rear end of operating cylinder 49 through the flexible pipe connection. I30. It will also be noted that the lower portion of the resistance valve I22 connects through the pipe connection I3I with the forward side of the platen operating cylinder 43. The lower portion of the resistance valve I2I connects through the pipe connection I32 with a cylinder I33 located at one extremity of the valve I20. Located at the other extremity of the valve I20 is the cylinder I34, which through pipe connection I35 connects with the right-hand extremity of the valve or relay I I9.

Pipe connection II4 leads not only to the pipe connection I I8, but also to the left-hand end portion of valve I20. Branching from pipe connec-- aooaon being as follows:

a-position for rapidtraverse forward ment of platen 24 or slide 26;

b-positlon for feeding or cutting forward movement of platen 24 or slide 26;

c-neutral position for zero movement of platen 24 and slide 26;

d-position for feeding or cutting retreating movement of platen 24 or slide 26:

eposition for rapid traverse retreating movement of platen 24 or slide 26.

The rate of feeding movement either in a forward or a retreating direction may be, according to well known practice, controlled by operation of the control lever t1.

Referring now to a description of valve or relay H9, it will be noted that said valve comprises the cylinder wall I30, the cylinder heads mil-I39, the plunger I 40 and the spring I4I. Said spring reacts against the cylinder head I59 and a nut I42 secured to the plunger I40 for urging the plunger I40 toward the left as the parts are moveviewed in Figures 10 and 11. Said plunger I40 is provided with the enlarged portions I43 and I44,

which enlarged portions are spaced from one another to provide the annular recess I45. Said enlarged portions I43 and I44 are spaced from the extremities of the plunger M0 within the valve M9 to provide the annular recesses I46 and I41. The cylinder wall I36 is provided with the longitudinal recess I48 adapted to provide hand end of plunger I40 at all times. By reason I of the fact that longitudinal recess I48 communicates also with the right-hand.- end of the valve or relay II9, communication is had at all times from pipe connection I36 to the recess I41 at the right-hand end of plunger I40. Pipe connection I24 connects with the annular recess I45 at all times regardless of the position of the plunger I40. 'Pipeconnectlon I35 communicates with the recess at the right-hand end of the plunger I40 when said plunger is at the lefthand end of its stroke as the parts'are viewed in Figure 10;- When said plunger I40 is at the tioned, which heads are themselves cylinders.

Slidably disposed within the cylinder wall I49 is the plunger I50 having the enlarged portions I5I and I52 spaced from one another and providing betweenthem the annular recess I53. Said enlarged portions I5I and I52 are also spaced from the ends of the plunger I50 within the cylinderwall I49, whereby to-provide-the annular recesses I54 and I55. A longitudinal recess I56 provides communication between the two ends or the space =within the cylinder wall I49. The plunger I60 is provided with the stems I51 and I56 extending,

larly to valve I2I. said valve comprises the cylinder wall I59 having the cylinder heads I60 and I6I. The bore of the cylinder wall I59 is formed to provide the conical seat I62 for limiting movement in one direction of the plunger W3, which plunger I63 is shaped at one of its extremities to conform to said conical seat I62. A spring 550 is provided for urging the plunger I63 against the seat I62, the tension of which may be adjusted as for example by means of the adjusting screw I64a. r

Said plunger I63 is provided with the enlarged portion I65 having a sliding fit within the cylinder wall I59. At one extremity of the enlarged portion I65 is the reduced portion I66 providing the annular recess I61. The plunger I55 is longitudinally slotted, as iindicated by the numeral I68. Disposed axially of the plunger its is the bore I69, which, through the cross aperture I10, communicates with the longitudinal slot Itt. A ball valve/Ill resting on the upper surface of plunger I63 is adapted to close communication between aperture I69 and the space above the plunger I63. It will be noted that the space ,below the plunger I63 is in communication-with the pipe connection I32 and the space above the plunger I53 is in communication with pipe connection I21. The interior construction and the connections to the resistance valves I22 and I23 will be clear from the description of resistance valve I2I. j i

The extremity of plunger I46 of valve or relay -I I 9 is adapted to be abutted by an abutmentmember I12, which may-be carried in adjusted position bythe pilot bar 54, wherebysaid abutmentmember I12 will be responsive to the position of the cutting tool'or cutting tools of the lathe.

When the tool holding member 53 is at the limit of its forwardmovement,abutment member H2 will be located in position to abut the extremity of plunger I 40 to move said plunger to its righthand position as the parts-are viewed in Figure 10. At other times the spring MI will bias the plunger I40 in its left-hand position as the parts are viewed in Figure 10. v

Referring now to a description of ,the instrumentalities shown in Figure 11, a number oi. said instrumentalities are common with those shown in Figure 10., In explaining the functions of the system disclosed in Figure 11 it is necessary to discuss briefly theconstruction of the platen oper-- ating cylinder 43. It will be noted from an inspection of Figure-11- that said cylinder 43 includes the cylinder wall I13 having cooperating cylinder heads I14 and H5. Slidably disposed within the cylinder wall I13 is the piston 45 having its right-hand extremity-reduced, as the parts are viewed in Figure 11, to provide the annular connection I18, which communicates with thebore-of the cylinder wall I18 at a region spaced a short distance from the cylinder head I18 through the pipe connection I88. When said piston '48 has moved a predetermined distance toward the left as the parts are viewed in Figure 11, communication is had between the pipe connection III and the pipe connection I88, shunting the check valve II8-. Said branch pipe connection I18 continues through the flexible pipe connection I28 to, the'rig'ht-hand end of the cylinder 48 for operating the slide 28 asthe parts are viewed in Figure 11. According to the system shown in Figure 11, pipe connection H8 is connected to the left-hand end of the platen operating cylinder 48 through the resistance valve I82. The resistance valve I82 may be similar in essentials to resistance valves I2I, I22 and I28 referred to above,.and need not be described in detail.

Referring now to a'description of Figure 12, said flgure represents diagrammatically the system whereby the operative, by control of certain valves, may cause operation according to the system disclosed in Figure 18 or according to the system disclosed in Figure 11. According to the system shownin Figure 12, three two-way valves are employed which bear the numerals I88, I84 and I85. Said valves are illustrated as being provided with handles I88-I88. According to the layout shown in Figure 12, when said handles are in their uppermost positions the connections provide the system shown in Figure 10.

when said handles are in their lowermost positions the connections provide the system shown in Figure 11. The circuit connections need not be described in great detail. It will be suflicient to point out that the pipe connection III leads to the two-way valve I88, from which the branch lines I81 and I88 extend. Said branch line I81 connects with one of the two selectable ports of the two-way valve I85. The other selectable port of said two-way valve I88 connects, through pipe connection I88, cylinder 48, pipe connection I88 and pipe connection I18, with the operating cylinder 48. In parallel with said pipe connection I88 and the passageway through cylinder 48 is the check valve "8. The resistance valve I22 is connected between the branch connections I81 and I88 communicating with the two selectable ports of the two-way valve I88. The forward extremity of the slide operating cylinder 48 is connected to the common port of the two-way valve I85 through the flexible connection I28. The common port of the two-way valve I84 is connected to the pipe connection II8 through the pipe connection I 88. One of the two selectable ports of the two-way valve I84 connects directly to the left-hand end of the platen operating cylinder 43 and the other selectable port of the twoway valve I84 connects through the resistance valve I82 to the left-hand end of the platen operating cylinder 48.

A mode of operation of the above described instrumentalities is substantially as follows. A cycle may be said to start with the platen 24 and the slide 28 in their fully retreated positions. Said fully retreated positions need not necessarily be at the possible limits of travel of said platen 24 and slide 28, inasmuch as in commercial operation it is frequently advisable to stop the retreating movements of said platen and said slide short of the limits of said retreating movements. The limit of retreating movement of the slide 28 may be controlled by the adjustao a' u ment of the setscrew I8 (Fig. 3), and the limit of retreating movement of the platen 24 may be controlled by adjustment of the cam member I I8 (Figs. 4, 5 and 6) for causing the swinging arm I88 to movethe plunger I8 of the valve 88 to neutral position (Figs. 5, 6 and 7). when the slide 28 is in fully retreated position, the cross slides 8I8I will also be in fully retreated positions.

With the platen 24, longitudinally movable slide 28 and cross slides 8I-8I at rest in their retreated positions, the operative may remove the flnished piece of work from the chuck 88 and may insert a new piece of work into said chuck. After the operative has operated an instrumentality (not shown) for causing rotation of the chuck 58, he will pull outwardly upon the handle 88, which will communicate a turning movement to shaft I8. There will be no fluid pressure op position to turning movement of said shaft 18 at this time, and said shaft will remain in the position to which it is moved until positively moved by an instrumentalityto be mentioned presently.

The outward pull upon the handle 88 communicates a clockwise rotation to shaft I8 as the parts are viewed in Figure 7,. resulting in movement of the plunger" to the left as the parts are viewed in Figure '7. This movement locates the plunger I8 of valve 88 in position a (Figs. 5, '7, 10 and 11) which is the position for rapid traverse forward movement of the platen 24 or slide 28. Under these conditions, fluid pressure will be communicated from the pump 58 through the pipe connection 8 to theleft-hand end of the platen operating cylinder 48, resulting in the forward movement of the platen 24. This rapid traverse movement will continue until the cam member II2 adJustably carried by the platen 24 engages roller III carried by the sliding member II8 (Figs. 4 and 5). Said cam member 2 will, through its engagement with the roller III, move the sliding member I I8 to the right as the parts are viewed in Figure 5, rocking the arm I88 and pulling the plunger I8 to position b (Figs. 5, '7, 10 and 11), which is the position for feeding or cutting movement of platen 24 or slide 28. If the operative desires to have the platen 24 move with a feeding speed, that is with a restricted quantity of oil delivered by the pump 58, he will so adjust the cam I I2 longitudinally of the platen 24 that said cam member I I2 will operate the slide H8 at the desired point previous to the time that the piston 45 comes to the'limit of its stroke in its cylinder 48. If on the other hand the operative does not desire to operate the platen 24 with a feeding speed, he will so adjust the cam member II2 longitudinally of the platen 24 that said cam member will not fully operate the sliding member I I8 until piston 45 has reached substantially its limit of travel within the cylinder 43. While piston 45 is moving forward in cylinder 43, no forward movement is communicated to the piston within the slide operating cylinder 48 relative to said cylinder 48. Expressed in other language, the slide 28 is not moved relative to the cylinder 48 during the forward movement of the platen 24. The movement of slide 28 relative to the cylinder 48 is prevented by reason of the action of resistance valve I28. At the time ,that fluid pressure is being exerted through pipe connection II8 to the lefthand end portion of the platen operating cylinder 48, pressure is also communicated to the resistance valve I28. The spring within said resistance valve I28 will be chosen of such a value that to forward feeding or cutting movement.

said valve will not be opened at the pressure required for moving the piston 45 within the platen operating cylinder 43 whether said movement be in the rapid traverse movement of. the platen 24 or in the feeding or cutting movement of platen 24. When, however, the piston 45 within the platen operating cylinder 43 reaches the end of its stroke and can proceed no further, pressure applied to resistance valve I23 builds up to a value suiiicicnt to open said valve, whereby fluid pressure from pipe connection H6 (Fig. 10) is communicated through valve I23, through the flexible pipe connection I39, to the left-hand end portion of the slide operating cylinder 49. This pressure will communicate a forward movement to slide 25, which slide, as noted above, carries tools for operating upon the work within the chuck 56. It will be clear that pressure is exerted not only upon the piston within the slide operating cylinder 49, but also upon the piston 45 within the platen operating cylinder 43, the result being that the platen 24 is held firmly at the forward limit of its movement without any special clamping mechanism, whereby the tools carried by the slide 26 may efficiently perform their cutting operations.

Movement of the slide 26 is accompanied by transverse movements of the cross slides til-9i by reason of the pin and cam slot connection between said slide 26 and said cross slides 3I3I. It will be clear that by varying the design of the cam slots 38--38 in the cam plates 36-36, the speed of and range of movement of the cross slides 3I--3I may be predetermined relativeto the speed and range of movement of the slide 29.

The present invention contemplates means for varying the output of the pump 58 at substantially the instant that the forward movement of the platen 24 ceases and forward movement of the slide 26 starts. In explaining this action reference may be had to Figures 1, 7, 8 and 9. By reference to Figure 1 it will be noted that the platen 24 has a lost motion connection with the rod 94, the bracket 93 of said platen 24 being adapted to engage collars 95 and 96 of said rod 94 in the reciprocating movements of said platen 24. When the platen 24 reaches a predetermined point in its forward movement, the bracket 93 carried by said platen 24 will engage the collar 95, moving said collar forward and moving the rod 94 forwardly. By reference to Figure'8 it will be noted that the forward extremity of the rod 94 is provided with the sleeve 91 adapted to have a camming action upon the tumbler IllI. By reference to Figure '1 it will be noted that as the sleeve 91 advances; that isas it approachesthe observer as the parts are viewed in Figure 7, the camming surface I94 of sleeve 91 will engage tumbler II, which at this time (Fig 8) is held at the limit of its rotation in a counter-clockwise direction by-means of the spring I02. Camming action of sleeve 91 will communicate a turning "of the pump 58 will be required by reason of t transition from rapid traverse forward movemen The parts are so designed that when the platen gets to the limit of its forward movement, the tumbler I ll will snap past the shoulder I46 of the sleeve 91, permitting the counter-clockwise movement of the arm or lever 84, automatically adjusting the control lever 61. Theshoulder I96 will be so positioned, that the adjusting action just referred to of the lever 91 will occur at the instant that the pressure in the control valve I23 permits access of fluid pressure from the pipe connection I16 to the left-hand end portion of theslide operating'cylinder 49 (Fig. 10). By reason of this construction the output of the pump 58 will be controlled at the instant that feeding action of the slide operating cylinder 49 is started. It will be understood that modification of. the output of the pump 58 at this time is of advantage in the event that there are any difierences in the design of the operating cylinders 43' and 49, and also in the event that a diiferent speed of feeding or cutting movement is desired in the slide 26 than is desired in the platen 24. Modification of'the output of the pump 58 is also desirable at this time to compensate for leakage (which is of course inevitable to a greater or lesser extent), which leakage will be increased when the piston in cylinder 43 and the plunger within valve I23 are at the limits of their movements.

Forward movement of the slide 26 may be limited by action of the abutment I12, which cooperates with the plunger I49 of valve or relay II9. As will be explained presently, the action of the abutment I12 may take place at the instant that the plunger of cylinder 49 is at the forward limit of its stroke in the event that it is desired to accurately adjust the forward travel of the slide 26. Such accurate control is essential, for example, whena tool is to cut up to a shoulder. Under other conditions it may not be so important to stop the forward movement of the slide 26 at an accurately predetermined point. Referring first to conditions under which accurate predetermining of" stoppage of forward movement of the slide 26 is not essential, it may be explained, reference being had to Figure 10, that as the bar 54 carried by the slide 26 moves forwardly, the abutment I12 carried by said bar will approach theadjacent extremity of the plunger I49 of the valve I I9. The spring I4I normally holds the plunger of valveor relay I I9 in its left- 1 between the enlarged portions I43 and I44 of the valve or relay II9. At this time also pipe connection II1 communicates with a dead space between the enlarged portions I5I and'l52 of the controlvalve I20. Said pipe-connections G and I I1 are therefore inoperative to move the plungers in said valves I I 9 and I29. At this time, the other pipe-connections connecting to the control cylinder 68 of the. pump 58 are not. under pressure. When the abutment I12 engages the extremity of the plunger I40 of valve or relay I I9, saidpl'unger is moved to the right as the parts are viewed in Figures 10 and 11, permitting communication between the branch pipe connection I24 and the pipe connection I35. Inasmuch as the fiuid within pipe connection I I I5 is under pressure at this time, said pressure will be communicated through the branch connection I 24 to pipe connection I35, which will move the plunger in valve I29 toward the left as the parts are viewed in Figures 10 and 11. Thisaction allows the fluid under pressure in pipe connection I I! to be communicated to the pipe connection I31. Said fluid pressure is therefore allowed to move the plunger within the control cylinder 66 toward the right as'the parts are viewed in Figures 10 and 11, moving the plunger I6 of the control valve 66 to position 6, which is the position for rapid traverse movement in a retreating direction.

Referring now to conditions in which it is required that the tool carrying slide 26 be brought accurately to a predetermined position before reversal, it may be explained'that the slide 26, by manipulation of the nuts I-5I on the screwthreaded extremity of the plunger 50, may be so Y positioned relative to the piston within the operating cylinder 49 that the slide 26 may be brought to the accurate position referred to at the instant that the plunger within the cylinder 49 reaches the end of itsstroke in a forward direction; or, the tools carried by the slide 26 (and by the cross slides 3I-3I) may be so positioned that they reach the predetermined extremities of their cutting stroke at the instant that the plunger within cylinder 49 reaches the limit of its forward movement; or, if preferred, instead of I utilizing the piston and the cylinder head of cylinder 49 to form the positive abutting members, any other preferred abutments may be utilized for stopping the forward movement of the slide 26 at a predetermined point. Ordinarily, when the forward limit of the cutting or feeding stroke of the slide 26 is to be accurately predetermined, it is desirable to hold said slide 26 at said limit of its movement for a predetermined time, sufllcient to allow the chuck 56 to make one or more complete revolutions. The present invention contemplates structure for accomplishing this purpose. The length of time that the slide 26 will remain at the forward limit of its feeding or cutting movement depends, of course, upon'the length of time required for reversal of the control valve 66 of the pump 58. This time element may be varied by controlling the effective area of the ports permitting communication between the pipe connections I24 and I35 (Figs. and 11). If the delayed action referred to is desired, the abut-\- ment I12 will be so positioned upon the rod 54 that when the slide 26 is at its predetermined forward limit of movement, said abutment II2 will hold the plunger I40 in such a position that only a relatively small area of communication is had between pipe connections I24 and I35, whereby the action of the plunger within the control valve I will be delayed, which in turn will delay the action of the control valve 66 of the pump 58, thereby allowing the chuck 56 to make the requisite number of turns while the slide 26 is at the forward limit of its movement. By reason of this construction, the cutting action of the tools carried by the slide 26 and the cross slides 3I-3I may be accurately predetermined at the forward limit of the movements of said slides.

-As mentioned above, the pressure within pipe connection I I6 will have communication through branch pipe connection I24 and pipe connection I with the right-hand extremity of the plunger within the control valve I20, which in turn permits fluid pressure within the pipe connection I I1 to communicate with the pipe connection' I3'I to move the plunger of valve 66 to position e, which is the rapid traverse retreating movement. At this time pressure will be communicated through the pipe connection II5 directly (according to the layout of Figure 10) to the righthand end portion of the slide operating cylinder 49, resulting in a retreating movement of the slide 26. As explained above, Figure 10 represents the system of connections which will be used when the completion of the forward cut ting movement of the slide 26 and the corresponding cross cutting movements of slides 3 I-3I is to be followed by the withdrawal of the cross slides 3I3I before the platen 24 has retreated. Under these conditions (that is-under the layout shown in Figure 10), the retreat of the slide 26 will be accompanied by the withdrawal of abutment II2 from abutting relationship with the plunger I40 of valve or relay II9, allowing the plunger of said valve or relay I I9 to move to its neutral position, as shown in Figure 10, under the influence of the spring I4I. At this time there is no pressure opposing the action of the spring Hi, the pressure applied to the inner surfaces of the enlarged portions I43 and I44 being balanced.

Pressure communicated tothe right-hand end portion of the operating cylinder 49 will cause the piston within said operating cylinder 49 to move to the left-hand limit of its range of movement as the parts are viewed in Figure 10. When said plunger has reached the limit of its movement the pressure within pipe connection I I5 will build up to a suificient extent to open the resistance valve I22, permitting pressure within the pipe connection II5 to communicate through said valve I22 and pipe connection I3I to the righthand end portion of the operating cylinder 43 as the parts are viewed in Figure 10. Resistance valve I2I is so designed relative to resistance valve I22 that said valve I2I will open at a lower pressure than that required to open resistance valve I22. Therefore it is assured that prior to the time that pressure is communicated from pipe connection II5 to the right-hand end portion of the operating cylinder 43, pressure withiii pipe connection II5 will be communicated to the left-hand portion of the control valve I20 as the parts are viewed in Figure 10, moving the plunger ofsaid control valve I20 to the right as the parts are viewed in Figure 10. Under these conditions the enlarged portion I5I of the plunger of the valve I20 cuts off communication between pipe connection II! and pipe connection I 31, thereby relieving pressure within the control cylinder 68 of the valve 66. It will be noted that at this time communication is had between the pipe connection I31 and the drain line H4.

The communication of the pressure within pipe connection II5 to the right-hand end portion of the operating cylinder 43 will result in the retreating movement of the platen 24, which retreating movement will continue until adjustable cam member II3 (Fig. 4) engages the roller III carried by the sliding member I I0 (Figs. 5 and 6). Inasmuch as the sliding member I I0 is connected to the plunger I6 through the lever I08 and link 11, movement of said sliding member IIO will be communicated to the plunger I6. The camming surface of the cam member II3 will move the plunger I6 through the feeding position (1 for retreating movement to the neutral position c. The camming surface of the cam member I I3 should extend well beyond the region necessary to move the roller III and consequently the plunger I6 to a neutral position, thereby insuring that, without the necessity for accurate adjustment, the parts will be brought to rest after the retreating movement of the platen 24 has been accomplished.

Figure 10 represents a layout or system of connections in which it is not necessary to withdraw the cross slides 3 I3 I before the platen 24 is withaooaoii drawn. Figure 11 contemplates a system of connections which will prevent the scoring of a finished face of the work within the chuck 56. According to Figure 11, after the forward cutting movements of the slide 26 and cross slides 3i--3I have been completed, the platen 28 will be withdrawn a short distance in order to withdraw the cutting tools from the work within the chuck 56, after which the slide 26 and cross slides 3I--3I will be withdrawn to their fully retreatedpositions relative to the platen 24, after which the platen 24 will be withdrawn to its fully retreated position. According to the layout in Figure 11, when the abutment I12 has moved the plunger I44 to its extreme right-hand position, pressure will be communicated through pipe connection I-IB, branch connection I24, to pipe connection I35, which will move the plungero'f valve I28 to its extreme left-hand position. Under these conditions, pressure is communicated through pipe connection I I1 to pipe connection I31, which will cause movement of the plunger within the control cylinder 68 toward the right as the parts are viewed in Figure I I, moving the plunger 16 of the control valve 66 to position e. Under these conditions, fluid will be delivered by the pump 58 to the'pipe connection II5. Said fluid pressure cannot pass the check valve I18, and therefore, at

this time, cannot communicate with the righthand end portion of the slide operating cylinder 49. Pressure within pipe connection H5, however, communicates with the right-hand end portion of the platen operating cylinder 43. When the piston within the cylinder 43 is at the righthand or forward limit of its stroke, communication between said cylinder 43 and the pipe connection I19 is interrupted by the piston within cylinder 43. After pressure within the pipe connection I I5 has moved the piston within cylinder 43 a short distance. to the left as the parts are viewed in Figure 11, communication will be opened between pipe connection I I5 and pipe connection I19, whereby pressure from within pipe connection I I5 will be communicated through the flexible pipe connection I29 to the right-hand end portion of the slide operating cylinder 49. Fluid on the left-hand side of the piston within the operating cylinder 43, in order to pass the resistance valve I82, must build up to a sufficient value to overcome the effect of thespring I64 within said resistance valve I82. The parts will be so designed that retreating movement of the piston within operating cylinder 49 will be accomplished at less pressure than is required to open the resistance valve I82, theresult being that when communication is established between pipe connection I I 5 and pipe connection I19 through the cylinder 43, the piston within the cylinder 43 will remain stationary while the piston within the slide operating cylinder 49 is traveling toward the left-hand limit of its stroke. When the piston 49 has reached the limit .of its stroke, which is to saypressure within the cylinder 43 will build up sufiiciently to cause the opening ofresistance valve I82, permitting escape of fluid from the left-hand end portion of cylinder 43 through resistance valve I82 and pipe connection I I6 to the pump 58.

'As stated above, Figure 12 represents a digrammatic system or layout of pipe connections whereby the operative may at his option establish the system according to FigurelO or the system according to Figure 11. 1 It, is to be noted that the two systems shown in Figures 10 and 11 are identical with each other from the right-hand extremities of said diagrams up to the region indicated in each of said diagrams by the broken lines I98--I88. By manipulation of the handles 186-486, the system of pipe connections shown in Figure'l2 may be'controlled to correspond with the layout of Figure 10 or Figure 11. If the operative desires to operate the platen 24 and slides 28 and 3i according to the system disclosed in Figure 10, he will move the operating handles I86--I86 of the valves I83, I84 and I85 to predetermined positions, indicated in Figure 12 as the uppermost positions of said handles. Under these conditions, communication will be'established from the pipe connection II6 through the valve I84, to the upper pipe connection communicating with the left-hand end portion of the platen operating cylinder 43 (Fig. 12). Communication under these conditions is also established between pipe connection H5 and the upper pipe connection leading to the valve I85, which connects with flexible pipe connection I29. When the operative desires to establish the system or layout illustrated in Figure 11, he will throw the handles I86-l86 of valvesI83, I84 and I85 to their lowermost positions, indicated in dotted lines in' Figure 12. Under these conditions communication is established between pipe connec-' tion II6 through pipe connection I89 and valve I84 to the resistance valve I82. Communication is also established between the pipe connection I I5 and pipe connection I88 to the right-hand end portion of the operating cylinder 43. Communication is also established between flexible pipe connection I29 and pipe connection I19.

By moving the handles I86-I86 selectably to their uppermost positions or to their lowermost positions, the operative may establish either the layout illustrated in Figure 10 or the layout illustrated in Figure 11. Explaining in other language the selectable connections which may bemade at the option of the operative, it may be stated that if said operative desires to operate his lathe according to the layout of Figure 10, he will move the handles I88-486 of valves I83, I84 and I85 to their uppermost positions. For forward movement of the platen 24 and slide 26 and cross slides 3I-3I, pressure fromthe pump 58 will be communicated to the pipe connection I I6 through the valve I84 directly to the left-hand end portion of the platen operating cylinder 43. At this time resistance valve I23 will prevent communication of pressure to the left-hand end portion of the operating cylinder 49 connected to the slide 26. Under these conditions, therefore, the piston within the operating cylinder 43 will move forward with a rapid traverse movement, carrying with it the platen 24." Fluid on the right-hand side of the piston within the operating cylinder 43 will be delivered through the pipe connection I88 to the resistance valve I 22, passing upwardly past the ball valve I1I within said resistance valve I22 to the valve I83 and out through pipe connection I I5 to the pump 58. when the platen 24 has moved forwardly to the end of its stroke, pressure'within the pipe connection I I6 will build up to a sufficient extent to force open the resistance valve I23, allowing pressure to be communicated from pipe connection I I8 to the flexible pipeconnection I 38,

to the left-hand end portion of the slide operating cylinder 49. As the piston within cylinder 49 instrumentalities above described have been operated to apply pressure to pipe connection I I 5, and assuming that the handles I86--I86 nave all been disposed in their uppermost positions corresponding to the layout illustrated in Figure 10, pressure within pipe connection I I5 will be communicated through valve I85 to the flexible pipe connection I29, to the right-hand end portion of operating cylinder 49, moving the piston within said cylinder 49 toward the left as the parts are viewed in Figure 12. Fluid is delivered from the left-hand end portion of the slide operating cylinder 49 through the flexible pipe connection I30 past the ball valve I II within the resistance valve I23 to the pipe connection II6 leading to the pump 58. At this time pressure within the pipe connection H5 is prevented by the resistance valve I22 from communicating with the right-hand end portion of the platen operating cylinder 43. Therefore, the platen 24 will remain stationary until the piston within the slide operating cylinder 49 has reached the limit of its movement in a retreating direction. When the fully retreated position of the slide 26 has been reached, pressure within pipe connection II5 will build up sufficiently upon the resistance valve I22 to open same, after which pressure will be communicated from pipe connection I I5 through resistance valve I22 to the right-hand end portion of the platen operating cylinder 43. Under these conditions, fluid on the left-hand side of the piston within the operating cylinder 43 will be delivered through valve I84 to pipe connection I I6 back to the pump 58.

Assuming now that the handles I86I86 have all been disposed in their lowermost positions corresponding to the layout shown in Figure 11 and assuming that the slide 26 and the platen 24 are at the limits of their movement in forward or feeding direction, and assuming further that the instrumentalities have been operated to apply pressure to the pipe connection I I5, pressure from within pipe connection II5 will be communicated to the pipe connection I88. Fluid within said pipe connection I88 cannot pass check valve I18. Under these conditions, pressure is communicated from pipe connection I I5 through pipe connection I88 to the right-hand end portion of cylinder 43, moving the piston within said cylinder 43 a short distance toward the left as the parts are Viewed in Figure 12, until the port communicating with pipe connection I is uncovered. The short movement of the piston within the operating cylinder 43 withdraws the platen 24 a short distance. After the port communicating with pipe connection I80 has been uncovered, fluid from pipe connection II5 may pass through the cylinder 43 to pipe connection I80, through pipe connection I19 to flexible connection I29 leading to the righthand end portion of the slide operating cylinder 49. It will be noted that thefluid on the lefthand side of the piston within cylinder 43 is opposed by the resistance of the resistance valve I82. The resistance of said resistance valve I82 will be chosen of such a value that said piston will not be -moved by the pressure communicated through pipe connection I80, said pressure instead being communicated through the pipe connection I80 and pipe connection I19 to the right-hand end portion of cylinder 49. Therefore, the piston within the operating cylinder 49 will operate, withdrawing the slide 26 while the platen 24 is held stationary. When the piston within the operating cylinder 49 has reached the end of its stroke, the pressure within pipe connection I I5 will build up to a suflicient value to force the fluid on the left-hand side oi! the piston 45 of operating cylinder 43 through the resistance valve I82 to valve I84, whence said fluid will pass out through the pipe connection I I6 back to the pump 58.

It will be noted that the present invention provides a system having a. movable platen and a tool carrying slide movable relatively to said platen,'said platen and slide each being provided with an operating fluid pressure responsive cylinder, which cylinders receive their fluid under pressure from a common source. Communication to the operating cylinders for said slide and said platen is selectably controlled whereby when one of said cylinders is operative the other is inoperative, whereby the danger of uncertain action of said cylinders is obviated. The present invention provides a system permitting positive control of the platen and tool carrying slide, whereby the highest degree of precision may be readily accomplished. The present invention provides a lathe which is sturdy, easily adjusted and not likely to get out of order, and in which delays in operation may be reduced to a minimum.

Though a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, many' modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. It is intended to cover all such modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is 1. In a lathe, in combination, a movable platen, a fluid pressure responsive cylinder for operating said platen, a tool slide carried by said platen, a fluid pressure responsive cylinder carried by said platen. for operating said tool slide, a common source of pressure for said cylinders, a manually operable control valve for controlling the output of said source of pressure, means for selectably and alternatively controlling the connection of said cylinders with said source, means carried by said platen for operating said control valve to control the output from said source to said platen operating cylinder, means responsive to the position of said tool carrying slide for operating said valve to cause a reversal in the output of said source, and resistance valves for controlling the sequence of movements of said slide and said platen.

2. In a machine tool, in combination, a platen, an operating cylinder for said platen, a tool slide carried by said platen, an operating cylinder for said tool slide, said last mentioned operating cylinder being carried by said platen, pistons within said cylinders, a source of fluid pressure, a control valve for controlling the output of said source, connections between said source and said cylinders, a resistance valve in said connections for preventing access from said source to said tool slide operating cylinder until the piston within said platen operating cylinder has reached a predetermined position in its movement Within its cylinder, and relay means operative when said tool slide is in a predetermined position for operating said control valve for reversing the direction of the output from said source.

3. In a machine tool, in combination, a platen, an operating cylinder for said platen, a tool slide carried by said platen, an operating cylinder for said tool slide, said last mentioned operating cylinder being carried by said platen, pistons within said cylinders, a source of fluid pressure, a control valve for controlling the output of said source, connections between said source and said cylinders, a resistance valve in said connections for preventing access from said source to said tool slide operating cylinder until the piston within aooaoi 1 said platen operating cylinder has reached a predetermined position in its movement within its cylinder, relay means operative when said tool slide is in a predetermined position for operating said control valve for reversing the direction of the output from said source, and manual means for moving said control valve except when said tool slide is in said predetermined position.

'4. In combination, a movable platen, an operating cylinder therefor, a tool slide carried by said platen, an operating cylinder for said tool slide, said tool slide operating cylinder being carried by said platen, a common source of fluid pressure for said cylinders, a, valve for controlling the output of said source, operating means for said control valve for connecting said source to said platen operating cylinder and to said slide operating cylinder, said slide operating cylinder being provided with valve means for preventing access between said source and said slide operating cylinder until the pressure within said platen operating cylinder has built up to a predetermined value, means responsive to movement of said platen for operating said valve to control the speed of said platen, and relay means adapted when said tool slide is in a predetermined position to move said control valve to cause reversal of flow from said source of fluid pressure.

5. In combination, a movable platen, an operating cylinder therefor, a tool slide carried by said platen, an operating cylinder for said tool slide, said tool slide operating cylinder being carried by said platen, a common source of fluid pressure for said cylinders, a valve for controlling the output of said source, operating means for said control valve for connecting said source to said platen operating cylinder and to said slide operating cylinder, said slide operating cylinder being provided with valve means for preventing access between said source and said slide operating cylinder until the pressure within said platen operating cylinder has built upto a predetermined value, means responsive to movement of said platen for operating said valve to control the speed of. said platen, relay means adapted when said tool slide is in a predetermined position to move said control valve to cause reversal of flow from said source of fluid pressure, and means carried by said platen for moving said control valve to a neutral position to stop flow .of fluid from said source to said cylinders.. -6. In a machine tool, in combination, a source of fluid pressure, a control valve for controlling the output of said source, said control valve having a plurality of operative positions for controlling the delivery of fluid from said source, a sliding member, a fluid pressure responsive cylinder for operating said sliding member, connections. between said cylinder and said source whereby in accordance with the positioning of said valve said source may through the medium of said cylinder alternatively communicate rapid traverse movements, feeding movements or zero movement "to said sliding member, a secondary control member for controlling the'speed of said feeding movements, and means responsive to said sliding member for controlling said secondary control member.

'7. In a machine tool, in combination, a platen, an operating cylinder-therefor, a tool carrying a source pt fluidpressure, a control valve for controlling the outputof said source of fluid pressure, said control valve having a plurality of selectable positions for selectably communicating rapid traverse, feeding or zero movement to said platen and said slide, asecondarycontrolmember for controlling the output of said source during the feeding movements of said platen and said tool carrying slide, and means having a lost motion connection with said platen for moving said secondary control member.

8. In a machine tool, in combination, a pair of sliding members, an operating cylinder for each of said sliding members, a common source of fluid pressure, control means for controlling the delivery of fluid from said source to said cylinders, said .control means including a. resistance valve for preventing the delivery of fluid from said source to one of said cylinders until the pressure in the other of said cylinders has rlsen to a predetermined value, and means operative at substantially the instant that pressure in said other cylinder has risen to said predetermined value for modifying the output delivered by said source.

9.'In a machine tool, in combination, a first sliding member, an operating cylinder therefor, a second sliding member, an operating cylinder therefor, a source of fluid pressure, a control valve for controlling the output of said source, pipe connections leading from said source to said cylinders and adapted to communicate pressure in parallel circuits to said cylinders, resistance means responsive to the building up of pressure within said operating cylinder for said first sliding member for controlling communication between said source and the operating cylinder for said second sliding member, and means mov able with said first sliding member for controlling said valve to modify the output of said -source when communication is established between said source and said operating cylinder for said second sliding member.

10. In a machine tool, in combination, a sliding platen, an operating cylinder therefor, a tool slide carried by said platen, an operating cylinder for said tool slide, said last mentioned operating cylinder being carried by said platen, a source of .fluid pressure, control means for controllingthe deliveryof fluid from said source,

said source being connected to said cylinders to 7 apply fluid under pressure to said cylinders in parallelcircuits, and valve means'responslve to pressure within said platen operating cylinder for controlling communication between said source and said slide operating cylinder.

11. In a machine tool, in combination, a sliding platen, an operating cylinder therefor, a tool slide carried by said platen, an operating cylinder for said tool; slide, said last mentioned operating cylinder being carried by said platen, a source of fluid pressure, control means for controlling the deliveryof fluid from said source, said source being connected to said cylinders to apply fluid under pressure to said cylinders in parallel circuits,.valve means responsive to pressure within said platen operating cylinder for controlling communication between said source and said slide operating cylinder, andlost mo- ,tion connecting means between said platen and saidcontrol means for modifying the amount of an operating. cylinder for. said platen, a tool 

